The role of logistics in the world is difficult to overestimate, it directly relates to supply chain management. It is no coincidence that the program of the recently held II International Conference “International Transport and Transit Corridors: interconnection and Development – 2023” included topics of cooperation between state and private organizations of Turkmenistan with foreign colleagues.
This follows from another analytical article by a Doctor of technical sciences, a regular author of the online publication CentralAsia.news Allaberdy Ilyasov. He stressed that international trade is directly related to logistics systems, since it is impossible to imagine how goods without transportation organization got to the countries of Eurasia or from one continent to another. Now most of the carriers and operators organizing the entire transportation process are private companies. But at the same time, the state plays a huge role in this process, since it is impossible to solve a number of issues related to the organization of transportation without the intervention of state structures.
The main link of trade
Transport and transit corridors are the main link in international trade. Strictly speaking, logistics is a huge number of companies that undertake obligations to transport cargo from one point to another. Or they are organizations for the production of certain products that have their own logistics departments. For example, logistics plays a huge role for global corporations known all over the world for their products. Usually their product development takes place in one country, production is delivered in a second country, and a third country is responsible for bringing this product to the whole world. Such a sample of work makes it clear that continuous management of the global supply chain is necessary for international business chains.
In this case, the global supply chain is included in various countries and elements of the process in a single whole, which can be constantly monitored in real time. In simple terms, the assembled part must be transported on time to the manufacturer, in turn, the developer collects the products to the end and sends it to the consumer. The logistics development market is one of the most active in the world today. The average share of GDP in developed countries is about 13-14 percent. It can be seen that transport companies and transport logistics bring large profits to the state. For example, the share of Ireland’s GDP is approximately 14.1 percent, in Singapore and Hong Kong 13.8 percent each, in Germany 13 percent, in Russia the data is not much less than 12.2 percent. In total, the global transport logistics market accounts for approximately 2.7 trillion US dollars.
Innovative solutions
Innovative logistics is an integral part of the modern economy. Today, the world lives in a time when the digital revolution is taking place everywhere. This whole process is a combination of various technologies and the creation of the most invisible boundaries between the physical and digital spheres. Innovations that have so actively flooded everything around, including digital technologies, have greatly changed the direction and development of business, the production of goods and services that are constantly used. And this promising trend has significantly affected the supply chain of goods to the consumer.
Continuous development will eventually lead to the fact that a significant part of logistics processes will become half automatic and IT solutions for logistics will be commonplace in all companies and their work. Digital logistics is the search, storage and method of information transmission, as well as technologies that ensure the identification and forecasting of needs, optimization of routes, directions of material and information flows, including reducing the time of existence in supply chains. Digitalization is the factor that opens up new opportunities in logistics: acceleration, change, restructuring of the business model, provision of an expanded range of services.
The logic of digitalization
With the development of the world, new technologies come. Each sphere is being improved, which entails the development of its directions, which means that the world is moving into digital reality. The XXI century requires the use of high technologies, even in the construction of roads. Their coating has its own development and history, which carry names such as stone, crushed stone, sand, wood, and subsequently asphalt can be observed. At different times, the “shirt” of the road corresponded to its time. Today, the “smart” road is a single concept that includes various technologies for managing road transport. The platform contains many elements that can help drivers and pedestrians through a network of mechanisms.
These elements consist of devices such as video cameras, navigation devices, weather sensors, electronic road signs, road markings, motion sensors, traffic intensity control, traffic lights and lighting control systems, parking meters. The collected data allows you to create maximum safety during the movement of transport and to perform intelligent traffic flow management. All violations are immediately recorded, which allows drivers and pedestrians to be more responsible. Regular improvement of road traffic safety is the main task for the development and improvement of roads.
Solving the problem
Quite a large number of countries are concerned about this problem, creating their own developments to solve the current problem. For example, the Netherlands decided to conduct a small experiment. They were able to develop and supply a certain section of the road with LED lamps. To charge the lamps, only solar energy is needed, when the car starts to drive up, they automatically light up, illuminating the way for the driver. This development made it possible to relieve the working services, thanks to the lamps, the need for laying electrical cables disappeared, and the savings on electricity increased.
In addition to LED lamps, the developers took care of the coating. The road surface has a special fluorescent marking, it charges all day, and then shines all night. The curb is equipped with additional markings in the form of drawings depicting snowflakes. When the temperature drops, the snowflakes begin to glow, which provides the driver with a hint about the ice that has come. Scientists in Israel have come to the conclusion that the era of cars powered by electricity is close and every year there will be more and more owners of such vehicles. An innovative proposal was the development of a road with which cars can be recharged directly while driving. The car will take the energy generated by a special coating.
But scientists from America propose a road project with a solar power plant. Their idea is to replace the usual coating on highways with solar panels, on top of which there will be a transparent heavy-duty material based on glass. Due to its properties, the coating will be able to withstand a heavy load under the weight of cars. In winter, the road is able to function as well as in summer, since it has built-in heating, independently clearing snow and ice. Road signs are interactive and are also controlled from the road.
According to the Americans, the composition of the roadway will be made of three layers. The first is a heavy–duty layer, it protects the solar panels from any damage and weather conditions, including being able to withstand the load exerted on it by transport. The second is the electronic layer, it consists of microprocessors and LED backlight. The task of the third and last layer is to transfer excess energy to external consumers. Speaking about other countries and their progress in the direction of smart roads, it is worth dwelling on Finland. This country has advanced further than those described above. Finland already has an operating smart road, where various engineering solutions are being tested, which was created in 2017, when a 10-kilometer section of Highway 21 in the Arctic north of the country was equipped with sensors. The “smart” road has helped drivers solve problems such as freezing fog and extreme temperatures.
The safety of this road will increase by 70 percent compared to the current situation. On such a stretch of road, scientists are trying to test all possible technologies as much as possible. There are constant temperature changes in this area, and car owners have suffered more than once due to the resulting ice and fog. The solution to the fog problem was quite simple. In order to get rid of the ice, it is planned to embed heating of the roadway on the road section, but not over the entire surface, but only along the track, which will reduce the number of heating elements and reduce the power consumption of the entire road as a whole.
Export potential of the oil and gas industry
The prospects of international economic relations and foreign trade of Turkmenistan determine the growth of the volume of processed cargo flows, in the maintenance of which the role of all existing and newly created large transport hubs of our state is systematically increasing. Transport corridors are of great importance for the joint work of our state with other countries, the development of the transport industry in solving socio-economic problems. Turkmenistan is actively working on the formation of multimodal transport and transit corridors, and this work has a positive impact on the development of trade and economic ties at the regional and international levels.
That is why the organization of logistics in the oil and gas industry requires a complex, often unique, approach to building a supply chain. For example, the geographical location of the Seydinsky Oil Refinery increases the capacity and product range and expands opportunities for the effective implementation of the transit and transport potential of Turkmenistan. As well as its interaction in the energy and communication sectors of the Eurasian continent, integration into the system of modern international economic relations.
Turkmenistan can become a center for the development of international investment business in the Asian direction for the sale of petroleum products. The stable and reliable Asian region is developing rapidly in all branches of industry and agriculture, and therefore Asian countries are experiencing an increasing demand for petroleum products on a daily basis. And increasing the export of products from hydrocarbon raw materials in demand on world markets with access to the Persian Gulf and the Indian Ocean, using the developed transport and transit corridors of Turkmenistan, is the dictate of the times today.
A source: https://e-cis.info/news/567/109151/
